2007年5月6日 星期日

hw8

本人(4/26)有上課
有一組四連桿,其桿長分別為r=[4 3 3 5],由桿2驅動,設第一固定桿角度theta1=0度;
角速度 td2=10rad/s; 角加速度tdd2=0 rad/s^2。

問題一:設桿2角度theta2=45度時,求各點之位置、速度與加速度為何?

角度:
>> abs(val(:,2))'

ans =

0 45.0000 166.4283 163.5328

角速度:
>> abs(val(:,3))'

ans =

0 10.0000 16.2681 4.9677
角加速度
>> abs(val(:,4))'

ans =

0 0 491.4428 383.6120
問題二:繪出此四連桿之相關位置及標明各點之速度方向及大小(以程式為之)。






問題三:當桿2迴轉時,求出此組四連桿之限制角度,並繪出其位置(以程式為之)。
>> [Ang1, Ang2]=fb_angle_limits([4 3 3 5],0,0)

Ang1 =

28.9550


Ang2 =

331.0450



drawlimits([4 3 3 5],0,-1,0)


問題四:設theta2=[0:20:360],試繪出此組四連桿之重疊影像,解釋為何有些沒有值。

>> for i=10:20:360,drawlinks([4 3 3 5],0,i,-1,0); end
Combination of links fail at degrees 10.0
Combination of links fail at degrees 350.0

因為由程式求出限制角度範圍,所以會有兩項沒有值

問題五:若將問題三考慮在內,只在可迴轉的範圍內迴轉,請問你能讓此組四連桿作成動畫方式迴轉嗎?

for i=10:20:360,drawlinks([4 3 3 5],0,i,-1,0);
pause(0.5)
end
動畫網址:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S0ffsSi0lu4

本作業需用到的function
function [data,form] = f4bar(r,theta1,theta2,td2,tdd2,mode,linkdrive)
%function [data,form] = f4bar(r,theta1,theta2,td2,tdd2,mode,linkdrive)
% This function analyzes a four-bar linkage when the crank is the
% driving link. The input data are:
% theta1,theta2 are angles in degrees
% r=[r1 r2 r3 r4]= lengths of links(1=frame)
%td2 = crank or coupler angular velocity (rad/sec)
%tdd2 = crank or coupler angular acceleration (rad/sec^2)
%mode = +1 or -1. Identifies assembly mode
%linkdrive = 0 for crank as driver; 1 for coupler as driver
%data (1:4,1) = link positions for 4 links
%data (1:4,2) = link angles in degrees
%data (1:4,3) = link angular velocities
%data (1:4,4) = link angular accelerations
%data (1,5) = velocity of point Q
%data (2,5) = velocity of point P
%data (3,5) = acceleration of point Q
%data (4,5) = acceleration of point P
%data (1,6) = position of Q
%data (2,6) = position of P
%form = assembly status. form = 0, mechanism fails to assemble.
if nargin<7,linkdrive=0;end mode="1;end" data="zeros(4,6);" linkdrive="=" r="[r(1)" rr="r.*r;d2g=" t1="theta(1);tx=" s1="sin(t1);c1=" sx="sin(tx);cx=" a="2*r(1)*r(4)*c1-2*r(2)*r(4)*cx;" c="rr(1)+rr(2)+rr(4)-rr(3)-2*r(1)*r(2)*(c1*cx+s1*sx);" b="2*r(1)*r(4)*s1-2*r(2)*r(4)*sx;" pos="B*B-C*C+A*A;">=0,
form=1;
% Check for the denominator equal to zero
if abs(C-A)>=1e-5
t4=2*atan((-B+mode*sqrt(pos))/(C-A));
s4=sin(t4);c4=cos(t4);
t3=atan2((r(1)*s1+r(4)*s4-r(2)*sx),(r(1)*c1+r(4)*c4-r(2)*cx));
s3=sin(t3);c3=cos(t3);
else
% If the denominator is zero, compute theta(3) first
A=-2*r(1)*r(3)*c1+2*r(2)*r(3)*cx;
B=-2*r(1)*r(3)*s1+2*r(2)*r(3)*sx;
C=rr(1)+rr(2)+rr(3)-rr(4)-2*r(1)*r(2)*(c1*cx+s1*sx);
pos=B*B-C*C+A*A;
if pos>=0,
t3=2*atan((-B-mode*sqrt(pos))/(C-A));
s3=sin(t3); c3=cos(t3);
t4=atan2((-r(1)*s1+r(3)*s3+r(2)*sx),...
(-r(1)*c1+r(3)*c3+r(2)*cx));
s4=sin(t4);c4=cos(t4);
end
end
theta(3)=t3;theta(4)=t4;
%velocity calculation
td(2)=td2;
AM=[-r(3)*s3, r(4)*s4; -r(3)*c3, r(4)*c4];
BM=[r(2)*td(2)*sx;r(2)*td(2)*cx];
CM=AM\BM;
td(3)=CM(1);td(4)=CM(2);

%acceleration calculation

tdd(2)=tdd2;
BM=[r(2)*tdd(2)*sx+r(2)*td(2)*td(2)*cx+r(3)*td(3)*td(3)*c3-...
r(4)*td(4)*td(4)*c4;r(2)*tdd(2)*cx-r(2)*td(2)*td(2)*sx-...
r(3)*td(3)*td(3)*s3+r(4)*td(4)*td(4)*s4];
CM=AM\BM;
tdd(3)=CM(1);tdd(4)=CM(2);
%store results in array data
% coordinates of P and Q
if linkdrive==1,
c2=c3;c3=cx;s2=s3;s3=sx;
r(2:3)=[r(3) r(2)];theta(2:3)=[theta(3) theta(2)];
td(2:3)=[td(3) td(2)];tdd(2:3)=[tdd(3) tdd(2)];
else
c2=cx;s2=sx;
end
for j=1:4,
data(j,1:4)=[r(j)*exp(i*theta(j)) theta(j)/d2g td(j) tdd(j)] ;
end % position vectors
data(1,5)=r(2)*td(2)*exp(i*theta(2));%velocity for point Q
data(2,5)=r(4)*td(4)*exp(i*theta(4));%velocity for point P
data(3,5)=r(2)*(i*tdd(2)-td(2)*td(2))*exp(i*theta(2));%acc of Q
data(4,5)=r(4)*(i*tdd(4)-td(4)*td(4))*exp(i*theta(4));%acc of P
data(1,6)=data(2,1);%position of Q, again
data(2,6)=data(1,1)+data(4,1);% position of P

%find the accelerations
else
form=0;
if linkdrive==1,
r=[r(1) r(3) r(2) r(4)];
for j=1:4, data(j,1)=r(j).*exp(i*theta(j));end % positions
end
end


須輸入的參數說明:

r(1:4) = 各桿之長度,r(1)為固定桿,其餘分別為曲桿、結合桿及被動桿,即r=[r1 r2 r3 r4]。
theta1 = 第一桿之水平角,或為四連桿之架構角,以角度表示。
theta2 = 驅動桿之水平夾角,以角度表示。一般為曲桿角,但若為結合桿驅動,則為結合桿之水平夾角。
td2 = 驅動桿(第二桿或第三桿)之角速度(rad/sec)。
tdd2 = 驅動桿(第二桿或第三桿)之角加速度(rad/sec^2)。
mode = +1 or -1. 組合模數,負值表示閉合型,正值為分支型,但有時需視實際情況而定。
linkdrive = 0 (驅動桿為第二桿); 1 (驅動桿為第三桿) 。




畫出連桿
function [values]=drawlinks(r,th1,th2,mode,linkdrive)
if nargin<5,linkdrive=0;end mode="1;end" rr="values(:,1);" rx="real(rr(:,1));rx(4)=" ry="imag(rr(:,1));ry(4)=" b="=" linkdrive="=">

function [Ang1, Ang2]=fb_angle_limits(r,theta1,linkdrive)
if nargin<3,linkdrive=0;end theta1="0;end" linkdrive="=" r="[r(1)" r1="r(1);r2=" r3="r(3);r4=" rmin="min(r);rmax=" rtotal="sum(r);" ang1="0;" ang2="2*pi;">(r3+r4)& abs(r1-r2)(r3+r4)& abs(r1-r2)>=abs(r3-r4)
Ang1=acos((r2^2-(r4+r3)^2+r1^2)/(2*r1*r2));
Ang2=-Ang1;
end
if (r1+r2)<=(r3+r4)&abs(r1-r2)< ang1="acos((r2^2-(r4-r3)^2+r1^2)/(2*r1*r2));" ang2="2*pi-Ang1;" adjst =" (Ang2-Ang1)*1e-8;" ang1="theta1+(Ang1+adjst)*180/pi;" ang2="theta1+(Ang2-adjst)*180/pi;" tt="ang1;ang1=" ang2="tt;end

function drawlimits(r,th1,sigma,driver)
[Qstart, Qstop]=fb_angle_limits(r,th1,driver)
clf;
[values b]=f4bar(r,th1,Qstart,0,0,sigma,driver);
rr=values(:,1);rr(3)=rr(1)+rr(4);
rx=real(rr);rx(4)=0;
ry=imag(rr);ry(4)=0;
if b==1
plot([0 rx(1)],[0 ry(1)],'k-','LineWidth',4);
hold on;
if driver==0
plot([0 rx(2)],[0 ry(2)],'b-','LineWidth',1.5);
plot([rx(2) rx(3)],[ry(2) ry(3)],'r-','LineWidth',2);
else
plot([0 rx(2)],[0 ry(2)],'r-','LineWidth',2);
plot([rx(2) rx(3)],[ry(2) ry(3)],'b-','LineWidth',1.5);
end
plot([rx(1) rx(3)],[ry(1) ry(3)],'-g');
plot(rx,ry,'bo');
text(0,0,' O');text(rx(1),ry(1),' R');
text(rx(2),ry(2),' P');text(rx(3),ry(3),' Q');
text(rx(2)/2,ry(2)/2,['s1=' num2str(Qstart,'%6.1f')]);
else
fprintf('Combination of links fails at degrees %6.1f\n',Qstart);
end
[values b]=f4bar(r,th1,Qstop,0,0,sigma,driver);rr=values(:,1);
rr(3)=rr(1)+rr(4);
rx=real(rr);rx(4)=0;
ry=imag(rr);ry(4)=0;
if b==1
if driver==0
plot([0 rx(2)],[0 ry(2)],'b-','LineWidth',1);
plot([rx(2) rx(3)],[ry(2) ry(3)],'r-','LineWidth',1.5);
else
plot([0 rx(2)],[0 ry(2)],'r-','LineWidth',1.5);
plot([rx(2) rx(3)],[ry(2) ry(3)],'b-','LineWidth',1);
end
plot([rx(1) rx(3)],[ry(1) ry(3)],'g-');
plot(rx,ry,'bo');
text(rx(2),ry(2),' p');text(rx(3),ry(3),' q');
text(rx(2)/2,ry(2)/2,[' s2=' num2str(Qstop,'%6.1f')]);
else
fprintf('Combination of links fail at degrees %6.1f\n',Qstop);
end
axis equal
grid on

2 則留言:

不留白老人 提到...

程式如何執行應有說明,有些內容不清楚來龍去脈。

shfantm 提到...

教授你好:
好的.我會修改,謝謝老師提醒